Michigan

¹ PatientRightsAdvocate.org, “Fourth Semi-Annual Hospital Price Transparency Compliance Report,” February 2023, https://www.patientrightsadvocate.org/february-semi-annual-compliance-report-2023, pg. 24. 

² Rand Corporation, “Prices Paid to Hospitals by Private Health Plans: Findings from Round 4 of an Employer-Led Transparency Initiative,” Table 3. States, July 2022, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA1144-1.html

³ Lown Institute, “Lown Institute Hospitals Index: 2023 Results Fair Share Spending,” Fair Share Spending by State, April 2023, https://lownhospitalsindex.org/2023-fair-share-spending/

⁴ Lown Institute, “Lown Institute Hospitals Index: 2023 Results Fair Share Spending,” 25 Systems With Largest Fair Share Deficits, April 2023, https://lownhospitalsindex.org/2023-fair-share-spending/

⁵ Innovation for Justice, University of Arizona and the University of Utah, “Medical Debt Policy Scorecard,” October 2021, https://www.medicaldebtpolicyscorecard.org/state/MI

All data as of April 2023.