New York

¹ Lown Institute, “Lown Institute Hospitals Index: 2023 Results Fair Share Spending,” April 2022, https://lownhospitalsindex.org/2023-fair-share-spending/

² PatientRightsAdvocate.org, “Fifth Semi-Annual Hospital Price Transparency Compliance Report,” July 2023, https://www.patientrightsadvocate.org/july-semi-annual-compliance-report-2023, pg. 26. 

³ Rand Corporation, “Prices Paid to Hospitals by Private Health Plans: Findings from Round 4 of an Employer-Led Transparency Initiative,” July 2022, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA1144-1.html

⁴ Axios, “How America’s Top Hospitals Send Patient Costs Soaring,” June 2021,  https://www.axios.com/hospital-billing

⁵ Innovation for Justice, University of Arizona and the University of Utah, “Medical Debt Policy Scorecard,” May 2022, https://www.medicaldebtpolicyscorecard.org/state/NY

⁶ Community Service Society, “Discharged Into Debt: New York’s Nonprofit Hospitals are Suing Patients,” March 2020, https://www.cssny.org/publications/entry/discharged-into-debt  

⁷ The New York Times, “One Hospital System Sued 2,500 Patients After Pandemic Hit,” October 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/nyregion/coronavirus-medical-debt-hospitals.html

⁸ National Public Radio, “Investigation: Many U.S. hospitals sue patients for debts or threaten their credit,” December 2022, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/12/21/1144491711/investigation-many-u-s-hospitals-sue-patients-for-debts-or-threaten-their-credit

⁹ Leapfrog Hospital Safety Grade, State Rankings, May 2023, https://www.hospitalsafetygrade.org/your-hospitals-safety-grade/state-rankings